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Corel Medical Series: Cancer
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p07.dxr
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00075_Field_SRC.p07.A.11.txt
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1997-02-04
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These devices are often about the size of a deck of cards. They hold the drug supply, a mechanism for
injecting it slowly and smoothly into an attached catheter , a battery to power the mechanism and controls for
regulating the rate of drug delivery. Many of the pumps have become very sophisticated. Some have alarms to
alert you to problems. One of the newer systems can deliver four separate drugs in a preset time sequence.
Several types are available. The balloon pump (Travenol infuser) is the cheapest and simplest, consisting
basically of a large plastic reservoir. The pump is filled, then attached to a port or catheter. The pump empties
automatically when it's connected.
• Central nervous system delivery Some patients, such as those with acute leukemia, need chemotherapy
drugs injected into the spinal fluid. This can be done by repeated lumbar punctures (spinal taps), but the
preferred method is to use an Ommaya reservoir. This is a rubber bulb usually placed under the scalp. A tiny
tube connects the reservoir to the spinal fluid compartment. This requires a minor operation for placement of
the reservoir and tube. Drugs are injected through the skin into the reservoir. Infection in the reservoir area is a
possibility, so patients are usually monitored for side effects such as tenderness, inflammation , fever, stiff
neck and headaches.
• Intraperitoneal This technique which involves delivering drugs directly into the abdominal cavity is
sometimes used for ovarian or abdominal metastatic cancer. A catheter is connected to a chamber, usually on
the chest or abdominal wall. The drugs are injected into the chamber, which releases them into the abdominal
cavity. This eliminates the need to put a new tube into the abdomen every time drugs have to be given. High
dosages can be given this way, higher than would be possible with any other method of delivery.